September 08, 2014

Poems By Heart from Penguin Classics

一直想像朗誦中文詩一樣,偶爾也可以落一兩句英詩,曾買了本簡易的詩集來學習,但只背了一兩首就放棄了。直到最近發現一個相當好用的背詩程式:Poems By Heart,裡頭內建男聲與女聲的朗讀,多聽別人念幾遍,利用克漏字學習的方式,很快的每天抽個空,不到兩週就學會十來首詩了。

界面相當簡單,右邊的側欄可挑選詩,左邊的側欄則區分沒學過、正在學、已會背和推薦的詩。底下的選項則可購買新的詩,以及依照作者來排序。每首詩都分成 easy、moderate、hard、very hard 四種難度。

點選進入想學的詩篇之後,就進入詩篇的全文。可選擇男生或女生來朗讀,可從頭朗讀或任意挑選段落開始。如果已經學會之後,就會可聆聽自己錄製的朗誦。

每首詩都分段落來學習,點進要學習的段落後,分成五個關卡,類似克漏字測驗,第一關只要填一兩個空,第五關就要全部填空了。空格的單字在母音的相對位置有打點,所以一開始若是還不熟悉詩文,可依照母音的位置來猜字。右邊有計時器,必須在指定的時間內填好所有的空格。剩下的時間越多,或錯字越少,分數就越高。如果覺得第一關太簡單,也可自選關卡來跳過進度。只要完成第五關就可繼續學習下一段。

每一段都會背之後,就可錄製自己的朗誦。分成 practice 和 expert 兩種模式。 practice 模式下,錄好一行必須再按 record 才能繼續錄下一行。方便有時候背的不熟時,可以想出來再繼續錄製。expert 模式就要一口氣背完整首詩了。錄好之後可以播放聆聽,看看有沒有錯字,再選擇要不要儲存。儲存好的朗誦,可以分享在 facebook、twitter、email,或是上傳到 Soundcloud。

這只是單純學習背誦詩篇的軟體,所以沒有針對每首詩加以介紹,也沒辦法查閱困難的單字。免費版只有四首詩,商店裡可購買新詩,分成各種題材,四首只要三十塊錢。買一卷約七套二十八首詩,也只要一百八十元。

免費的第一首詩,是 "Eternity" by William Blake

He who binds to himself a joy
Does the winged life destroy;
He who kisses the joy as it flies
Lives in Eternity’s sunrise.

只有四行的短詩,含義也很容易理解,快樂唯有任其自由才能真正擁有,強求的歡樂只會讓人失去自由。這首類似格言的短詩,很容易就可以背起來。我朗誦的版本,毫無抑揚頓挫,只是提供大家參考實際錄製的效果。(當然聲音的音調已經調整過了。)

網路上找到 Vaughan-Williams 譜寫的音樂,由男高音演唱與雙簧管伴奏。

第二首是 "Ships that Pass in the Night" by Paul Laurence Dunbar

Out in the sky the great dark clouds are massing;
I look far out into the pregnant night,
Where I can hear a solemn booming gun
And catch the gleaming of a random light,
That tells me that the ship I seek is passing, passing.

My tearful eyes my soul's deep hurt are glassing;
For I would hail and check that ship of ships.
I stretch my hands imploring, cry aloud,
My voice falls dead a foot from mine own lips,
And but its ghost doth reach that vessel, passing, passing.

O Earth, O Sky, O Ocean, both surpassing,
O heart of mine, O soul that dreads the dark!
Is there no hope for me? Is there no way
That I may sight and check that speeding bark
Which out of sight and sound is passing, passing?

這是歸類為中等程度的難度,卻一下子就來個三段的長詩,但還好含義也不算太艱深。作者顯然是以越開越遠的船,象徵目前的處境日益艱困,但希望卻越來越遙不可及。

這首詩似乎不太熱門,Youtube 找到的版本,朗誦的也不太理想。

第三首是 "Eldorado" by Edgar Allan Poe

Gaily bedight,
A gallant knight,
In sunshine and in shadow,
Had journeyed long,
Singing a song,
In search of Eldorado.

But he grew old—
This knight so bold—
And o’er his heart a shadow—
Fell as he found
No spot of ground
That looked like Eldorado.

And, as his strength
Failed him at length,
He met a pilgrim shadow—
‘Shadow,’ said he,
‘Where can it be—
This land of Eldorado?’

‘Over the Mountains
Of the Moon,
Down the Valley of the Shadow,
Ride, boldly ride,’
The shade replied,—
‘If you seek for Eldorado!’

雖然是首長詩,但由於內容流暢且富於故事性,被歸類為 Easy。這是愛倫坡晚年的作品,正好與 1849 年的加州掏金熱應景。他以 Eldorado 象徵詩人一生追尋的目標,但窮盡一切努力卻似乎難以企及。但他借由幽靈之口說出,目標恰是上窮碧落下黃泉,人的一生只要勇敢的前進,死後回顧一生功績自能發現。

我不太喜歡 App 的斷句方式,第二段中間的
And o'er his heart a shadow
Fell as he found
No spot of ground
應該斷成
And o'er his heart a shadow
Fell / As he found
No spot of ground

這首名詩在 Youtube 上,可找到無數版本。但我最喜歡 John Astin 的詮釋,他就是將 shadow 和 fell 連在一起。

第四首是莎翁的名作,第十八首十四行詩:"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?"

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date;
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm'd;

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

正如中文的唐詩,莎翁的十四行詩嚴守格律,雖然有些古字和許多倒裝句,但通篇五步抑揚格,讀起來鏗鏘有力,不難背。內容哀嘆美好的時光,租約總是短暫,美好的事物也不乏過與不及,但唯有詩人的文采,能永世長存。

聽聽這位八歲小妹妹的詮釋吧:

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